附录 某些药物代谢动力学数据

药 物生物利用度(%)尿排泄(%)血浆蛋白结合(%)清除率(ml·min[SB]-1[/SB]·kg[SB]-1[/SB])分布容积(L/kg)半衰期(h)
醋丁洛尔 acebutolol3740266.81.22.7
阿昔洛韦 aciclovir15~3075153.370.692.4
别嘌醇 allopurinol80~90<10<112.70.6~1.61~3
阿普洛尔 alprenolol8.60.285153.32.5
金刚烷胺 amantadine50~9050~90674.86.616
两性霉素B amphotericin B-2~5>900.460.7618
阿米卡星 amikacin-9841.30.272.3
胺碘酮 amiodarone4601001.96625d
阿米替林 amitriptyline48<294.811.51521.5
氨苄西林 ampicillin6282181.70.281.3
阿斯匹林 aspirin681.4499.30.150.25
阿替洛尔 atenolol5694<52.40.956.1
阿曲库铵 atracurium-<1-5.50.160.33
阿托品 atropine505714~225.91.74.3
硫唑嘌呤 azathioprine60<2-570.810.16
倍他米松 betamethasone724.8642.91.45.6
博莱霉素 bleomycin-68-1.10.273.1
布美他尼 bumetanide8162992.60.130.8
布比卡因 bupivacaine-2957.10.92.4
咖啡因 caffeine1001.1361.40.614.9
卡托普利 captopril653830120.812.2
卡马西平 carbamazepine>70<1741.31.415
羧苄西林 carbenicillin-82500.680.181.0
头孢克洛 cefaclor-52256.10.360.67
头孢氨苄 cefalexin9091144.30.260.9
头孢孟多 cefamandole-96742.80.160.78
头孢唑林 cefazolin-80890.950.121.8
头孢哌酮 cefoperazone-2989~931.20.092.1
头孢噻肟 cefotaxime-50363.70.231.1
头孢拉定 cefradine>9086145.10.250.77
头孢曲松 ceftriaxone-4690~950.240.167.3
头孢呋辛 cefuroxime-96330.940.191.7
苯丁酸氮芥 chlorambucil87<1992.60.291.3
氯霉素 chloramphenicol75~9025532.40.944.0
氯喹 chloroquine8961611.811541
氯噻嗪 chlorothiazide9~569294.64.50.201.5
氯丙嗪 chlorpromazine32〈195~988.62130
氯酞酮 chlortalidone6465751.63.944
西米替丁 cimetidine6262198.31.02.0
环丙沙星 ciprofloxacin6065406.01.84.1
顺铂 cisplatin-23-6.30.280.53
氯贝特 clofibrate955.796.50.120.1113
氯硝西泮 clonazepam98<1861.553.223
可乐定 clonidine9562203.12.112
可卡因 cocaine57<291322.00.8
可待因 codeine5007112.62.9
环磷酰胺 cyclophosphamide746.5131.30.787.5
环孢霉素 cyclosporine23<1935.91.25.6
氨苯砜 dapsone9315730.61.022
地塞米松 dexamethasone782.6683.70.823.0
地西泮 diazepam100<198.70.381.143
洋地黄毒甙 digitoxin>9032970.0550.546.7d
地高辛 digoxin7060250.88-39
地尔硫[img]https://baike.zhuayao.net/Uploads/zyzy/lilunshuji/yaolixue/yaolixue077.gif[alt][/alt][/img] diltiazem44<478123.13.7
苯海拉明 diphenhydramine721.9786.24.58.5
丙吡胺 disopyramide8355-1.20.596.0
多巴酚丁胺 dobutamine---590.22.4
阿霉素 doxorublicin5<1579~85172530
多西环素 doxycycline9341880.530.7516
依那普利 enalapril4188<504.91.711
依诺沙星 enoxacin79600--5
红霉素 erythromycin3512849.10.781.6
艾司洛尔 esmolol-<1551701.90.13
乙胺丁醇 ethambutol7779<58.61.63.1
乙醇 ethanol80<3--0.540.24
炔雌醇 ethinylestradiol40-986.31.5~4.36~20
法莫替丁 famotidine4567177.11.32.6
芬太尼 fentanyl-884134.03.7
氟卡尼 flecainide7043615.64.911
氟氯西林 flucloxacillin494196-0.110.8
氟尿嘧啶 fluorouracil28<108~12160.2511
氟奋乃静 fluphenazine----2014.7~15.3
呋噻米 furosemide616698.82.00.1192
庆大霉素 gentamicin->90<100.820.312~3
格列本脲 glibenclamide901991.50.121.6
胍乙啶 guanethidine35430-60120
氟哌啶醇 haloperidol6119211.81818
肝素 heparin-0--0.05812
肼屈嗪 hydralazine16~351~1587561.50.96
氢氯噻嗪 hydrochlorothiazide71>95584.90.832.5
氢化可的松 hydrocortisone-<190~95--1~2
布洛芬 ibuprofen>80<1>990.750.152
米帕明 imipramine40<290.1152318
吲哚美辛 indometacin9815902.00.262.4
胰岛素 insulin-<25-0.080.1~0.3
异烟肼 isoniazid-7~2903.7~7.40.671.1~3.1
硝酸异山梨酯 isosorbide dinitrate22~30<128451.50.8
5-单硝酸异山梨酯 isosorbide-5-mononitrate93<501.810.794.4
卡那霉素 kanamycin-9001.40.262.1
酮康唑 ketoconazole-<1998.42.43.3
拉贝洛尔 labetalol18<550259.44.9
左旋多巴 levodopa---7.7~130.8~1.12.2
利多卡因 lidocaine352709.21.11.8
林可霉素 lincomycin1002072-0.445
锂盐 lithium1009500.350.7922
洛伐他汀 lovastatin5<10955~21-1.1~1.7
巯嘌呤 mercaptopurine122219110.560.9
美沙酮 methadone9224891.43.835
甲氨蝶呤 methotrexate7048342.10.557.2
甲氧氯普胺 metoclopramide7620406.23.45.0
美托洛尔 metoprolol381011154.23.2
甲硝唑 metronidazole9910101.30.748.5
美西律 mexiletine874~15636.34.99.2
米诺环素 minocycline95~10011761.01.316
米诺地尔 minoxidil-200242.73.1
吗啡 morphine246~1035243.31.9
纳多洛尔 nadolol3473202.91.916
纳洛酮 naloxone20-222.11.1
萘普生 naproxen99<199.70.130.1614
新斯的明 neostigmine-67-8.40.71.3
尼卡地平 nicardipine19~38<189~99.513.41.11.3
硝苯地平 nifedipine500967.00.781.8
硝西泮 nitrazepam78<1870.861.926
硝酸甘油 nitroglycerin<1<1-2303.32.3min
炔诺酮 norethisterone65-80-1.5~4.35~14
诺氟沙星 norfloxacin30~4026~3215~207.23.25
奥美拉唑 omeprazole-<195-0.19~0.481~2.3
昂丹司琼 ondansetron60<1070~7610~122.33~3.5
对乙酰氨基酚 paracetamol88305.00.952.0
培氟沙星 pefloxacin1<1020~302.31.5~1.97~14
青霉素G penicillin G227060-0.20.6
青霉素V penicillin V60~7326~6575~89-0.50.5
戊巴比妥 pentobarbital>90<135~450.8135~45
哌替啶 pethidine521~2558174.43.2
苯巴比妥 phenobarbital10024510.0620.5499
保泰松 phenybutazone80~100196.10.0230.09756
苯妥英 phenytoin90289-0.646~24
吲哚洛尔 pindolol7554518.32.33.6
哌拉西林 piperacillin-7116~482.60.180.93
吡罗昔康 piroxicam-<599.30.0360.1548
哌唑嗪 prazosin68<1953.00.62.9
泼尼松龙 prednisolone822690~958.71.52.2
泼尼松 prednisone803753.60.973.6
普鲁卡因胺 procainamide8367162.71.93.0
异丙嗪 promethazine--70~80181312
普罗帕酮 propafenone3~40<197--9~25(PM) 3~8(EM)
普萘洛尔 propafenone26<0.587164.33.9
乙胺嘧啶 pyrimethamine-65870.412.983
奎尼丁 quinidine8018874.72.76.2
雷尼替丁 ranitidine52691510.41.32.1
利福平 rifampin-7893.50.973.5
东莨菪碱 scopolamine276-161.42.9
索他洛尔 sotalol606054-0.79
链激酶 streptokinase-0-0.150.0161.4
链霉素 streptomycin-50~60481.20.252.6
磺胺嘧啶 sulfadiazine10057540.550.299.9
磺胺异恶唑 sulfafurazole964991.40.330.156.6
磺胺甲恶唑 sulfamethoxazol10014620.320.2110.1
舒林酸 sulindac-099.41.5215
特布他林 terbutaline1456203.41.814
硫喷妥 thiopental-<1853.92.39.0
替卡西林 ticarcillin-92652.00.211.3
噻马洛尔 timolol5015607.32.14.1
妥布霉素 tobramycin-90<100.980.332.2
甲苯磺丁脲 tolbutamide930960.240.105.9
氨苯蝶啶 triamterene5452616313.44.2
筒箭毒碱 tubocurarine-63501.90.392.0
万古霉素 vancomycin-79301.40.395.6
维库溴铵 vecuronium bromide-18303.02.11.5
维拉帕米 verapamil22<3901554.0
华法林 warfarin93<2990.0450.1437
本表资简化自①A.G.Gilman et al(ed):Goodman and Gilman’s Thepharmacological basis of therapeuties. 8th ed.Macmillan,1990:1655~1715. ②Melmon K.L.andMorrelli:Clinical pharmacology.3rd ed.Mcgraw-Hill,1992:1029~1072. ③Herfindal E.T.etal:Clinical pharmacy and Therapeutics.3rd ed.1992:364~368.